toneMelody Sketch in Simple Language

/*
  Melody

 Plays a melody

 circuit:
 * 8-ohm speaker on digital pin 8

 created 21 Jan 2010
 modified 30 Aug 2011
 by Tom Igoe
This example code is in the public domain.

 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Tone

 */
 #include "pitches.h"
// notes in the melody:
int melody[] = {
  NOTE_C4, NOTE_G3,NOTE_G3, NOTE_A3, NOTE_G3,0, NOTE_B3, NOTE_C4};
// note durations: 4 = quarter note, 8 = eighth note, etc.:
int noteDurations[] = {
  4, 8, 8, 4,4,4,4,4 };
void setup() {
  // iterate over the notes of the melody:
  for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < 8; thisNote++) {
    // to calculate the note duration, take one second
    // divided by the note type.
    //e.g. quarter note = 1000 / 4, eighth note = 1000/8, etc.
    int noteDuration = 1000/noteDurations[thisNote];
    tone(8, melody[thisNote],noteDuration);
    // to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.
    // the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:
    int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
    delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
    // stop the tone playing:
    noTone(8);
  }
}
void loop() {
  // no need to repeat the melody.
}

------------------------

This sketch programs the Arduino to play a sound or melody in accordance to the notes written. The circuit uses an 8-ohm speaker that is set to be plugged into pin 8 on the Arduino. The code already shows that it references "Pitches", the various sounds that Arduino can call upon. The numbers 4 and 8 refer the types of musical notes; a quarter note and an eighth note. The sequence of numbers equivalates to a sequence of musical notes. In the parenthesis, that is a for statement, which tells the Arduino a rule. The duration tells the Arduino how long to play the sequence for. The pause statement tells it how long, if any, the pause inbetween each number/note lasts. The last line in the main bracket tells it to stop the sequence. Void loop means that the sequence only plays once and does not repeat.